Std-12 Biology - Gujarati Medium
Textbook pdf Download
Textbook Name: Std- 12 Biology Gujarati Medium Textbook
Language:
Class: Standard - 12
Published by: Gujarat State Board of School Textbooks (GSSTB)
Download Mode and Format: Online Mode and PDF Format File
Official Website: gujarat-education.gov.in/textbook/
Std 12 biology textbook pdf in gujarati
Qualitative interviews may be used either as the primary strategy for data collection, or in conjunction with observation, document analysis, or other techniques (Bogdan and Biklen, 1982). Qualitative interviewing utilizes openended questions that allow for individual variations. Patton (1990) writes about three types of qualitative interviewing: 1) informal, conversational interviews; 2) semi-structured interviews; and 3) standardized, open-ended interviews.
GSSTB Textbook STD 12 Biology Gujarati Medium
An interview guide or “schedule” is a list of questions or general topics that the interviewer wants to explore during each interview. Although it is prepared to insure that basically the same information is obtained from each person, there are no predetermined responses, and in semi-structured interviews the interviewer is free to probe and explore within these predetermined inquiry areas. Interview guides ensure good use of limited interview time; they make interviewing multiple subjects more systematic and comprehensive; and they help to keep interactions focused.
GSEB Class 12 Biology Textbooks PDF: Download Gujarat
In keeping with the flexible nature of qualitative research designs, interview guides can be modified over time to focus attention on areas of particular importance, or to exclude questions the researcher has found to be unproductive for the goals of the research (Lofland and Lofland, 1984). Recording Data. A basic decision going into the interview process is how to record interview data.
Std-12 Biology
Whether one relies on written notes or a tape recorder appears to be largely a matter of personal preference. For instance, Patton says that a tape recorder is “indispensable” (1990, p. 348), while Lincoln and Guba “do not recommend recording except for unusual reasons” (1985, p. 241). Lincoln and Guba base their recommendation on the intrusiveness of recording devices and the possibility of technical failure. Recordings have the advantage of capturing data more faithfully than hurriedly written notes might, and can make it easier for the researcher to focus on the interview.