STD 04 All SUBJECT GCERT TEXTBOOK
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You can see STD 04 All SUBJECT GCERT TEXTBOOK PDF DOWNLOAD. All GCERT Book updated in last year. The final group of statements in this category includes the necessity of scientists to be open to new ideas and intellectually honest. The final category we examined includes elements from the history of science.
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All documents refer to science as a social tradition. Seven documents state that science has global implications, and five mention the important role that science has played in the development of technology.
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Also stated in six documents is the effect that social and historical contexts have on the development of scientific ideas. Interestingly, four documents include a statement which refer to the frequent rejection of new ideas by the rest of the scientific community. We also observed that those standards documents which include aspects of NOS vocabulary (i.e., law, theory, etc.) generally fail to define these terms.
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This may be an oversight on the part of the authors, but given the varying interpretations held by members of the general public regarding these terms, we feel strongly that the standards must not only use the terms, but define them correctly. It may be more than a coincidence that over half of the documents surveyed include the nature of science discussion at the outset. From this finding, we may assume that standards writers believe that student understanding of the nature of science is, or should be, a vital foundation for all future science learning.
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The California Framework (1990), for instance, states that “[t]his chapter [nature of science] is instrumental to understanding the rest of the framework” (p. 12). We began this analysis with several assumptions. First, we agree that at the level of the fine details, no precise and completely agreed upon description exists concerning the structure of science or the means by which knowledge in science is produced (Herron, 1969; Laudan, et al, 1986; Lederman, 1992; Duschl, 1994).
